Word: liu
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...recuperated." The Red Guards were not, after all, a new idea in history; Germany had its Hitler Jugend. Millions of Red Guards poured into Peking and other big Chinese cities. How well Mao's notion has worked could be seen last week in a wall poster signed by Liu Shao-chi's own daughter, in which she denounced her father and mother, accusing them, among other things, of not allowing her to tape record their conversations at home...
Part of the Mao faction's difficulties no doubt turn on straightforward personal power politics. Until the purge began, Liu Shao-chi had long been ranked No. 2 behind Mao, and was his heir apparent. Like any politician, Liu surely resented Lin's vault into the position of dauphin-and is fighting to cut him back down to size. In such a battle, Liu commands considerable resources. Mao may have been the sun shining on Red Chinese Communism, but in the last two decades it was Liu who got down on the ground and cultivated the party apparatus...
Even all that would hardly suffice to protect Liu if Mao had chosen to act quickly and decisively in a classic purge. But he did not, for Mao's purge is part and parcel of a far vaster dream that is contained in his Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. It is the romantic nostalgia of an aging revolutionary who wants to turn back the clock. Mao moved when he saw that China had begun to show signs of the same mellowing of aspirations, the same desire for material well-being above ideology, that to his horror he had watched overtake...
Inspiring as such examples seemed in print, to the level-headed men charged with running China on a day-to-day basis-from factory managers to government bureaucrats to party officials like Liu and Teng-it looked like the Great Leap Forward of 1958 writ large in madness. By its do-it-yourself backyard-foundry mania, Mao's Great Leap had cost China several years of economic growth. The new revolution was to be far more encompassing, and it also threatened the technocrats' jobs. In a factory run by Mao-think, who needs a manager or even...
...this that has enabled the opponents of Mao and the Red Guards to gather resources against them that come from deep in the vitals of China. It is this support, which runs throughout the Chinese Communist structure, that prevents Mao from forcibly removing Liu and Teng from office...