Word: livers
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...transplanted a human heart. Nonetheless, physicians at the conference heard reports of progress in the transplantation of other human organs. Although measured in mere weeks, one of the most significant reports was that of three successful liver transplants made on three infant girls in Denver. Performed by an imaginative and daring transplant team led by Dr. Thomas Starzl at the University of Colorado Medical Center, all three operations involved the replacement of a diseased liver that was deemed incurable. Until recently, 34 days had been Starzl's record for survival after a liver transplant. Two of Starzl...
...Starzl lessened the chances of adverse immune reaction by using healthy organs from children-much the same age and size as the patients-who had died of some cause other than a liver disease. Before implantation, the donated liver was matched for tissue and blood cells. To further assure a reasonable chance of success, Starzl and his colleagues gave their young patients injections of azathioprine (Imuran), prednisone and antilymphocyte globulin-all of which help to suppress immune reactions. The antilymphocyte globulin, newly developed from the blood of horses that have reacted to human tissue, is already helping to improve...
Surgically, such an operation would be far simpler than transplanting a heart, liver or even a kidney. But Dr. Norman emphasized that further experimentation-with dogs-must be conducted before spleen transplantation is attempted on a human being. Then, in all probability, a donor's spleen will be enclosed in a plastic bag, hooked up to a hemophiliac's circulating system and hung externally on his arm until it is certain that the method works...
Only Suggestive. When the cholestyramine resin particles latch onto bile acids in the intestine and cause them to be excreted, the body's automatic governor reacts to this loss by telling the liver to make more bile acids. To do so, the liver uses cholesterol already in the body as its main source of raw material, thus reducing the stored cholesterol. By parallel mechanisms, cholestyramine also appears to reduce the absorption of fats into the blood and their deposition at various sites in the body, including artery walls...
Karl Marx labored single-mindedly for 15 years to produce his monumental Das Kapital, and all the while he was in pain. He suffered from an enlarged liver, hemorrhoids, recurrent eye infections, insomnia and boils. But Marx's bitter prophecy that the bourgeoisie would "have cause to remember my carbuncles" hardly applies today. Last week, on the 100th anniversary of the publication in Hamburg of the first, and most important, volume of Das Kapital, the only people who seemed to be in agony over Marx's ideas were his own Communist heirs...