Word: livers
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...term effects of exposure to methyl isocyanate. While there is no evidence that the chemical causes cancer, doctors in Bhopal believe that many survivors of the accident may suffer from emphysema, asthma or bronchitis. In addition, some medical experts suspect that the poisoning could result in damage to the liver and the kidneys, and could have other even more harrowing effects. "The gas affects the central nervous system," said Dr. Sanjay Mittal, a doctor at Hamidia Hospital. "In my opinion, this increases the chances of permanent mental retardation." One of Mittal's senior colleagues reported that there had been eight...
...DEAN of the School of Public Health Harvey V. Fineberg '67 has been grappling with questions about medical ethics and decision-making throughout his versatile career. As a member last year of the state appointed Task Force on Liver Transplantation, Fineberg helped evaluate a proposal to create a pioneering consortium of four Boston area hospitals that could perform liver transplants. The author of several books, he has also written articles addressing such issues as rising costs of technology and the inadequacy of traditional ethical standards in evaluating such procedures as organ transplants...
...many states, and while there are some national guidelines for such underwriters as Blue Cross-Blue Shield, there remains a gray area between "established," or reimbursable procedures, and those which are still "experimental" and therefore not funded by insurance. Fineberg has proposed that procedures such as heart and liver transplants, which today fall somewhere between the two traditional categories, be given a label of their own--he calls it "investigational." Whether or not and to what degree these oprations would be underwritten, and how they would receive priority in various scenarios would be determined by a national commission including health...
...need both national and local bodies, in particular hospitals, involving community members, people with not only a medical perspective. Those decisions are not fundamentally medical--they're "social-ethical." Hospitals and states should set up groups such as the Task Force [on Liver Transplantation], with representatives from a cross-section of the public: clergy, clinicians, lawyers, ethical experts, and community residents...
...Harvard and other prominent schools are to continue to lead the way in health care, they must cut their own expensive heart and liver transplant programs. Professor of Political Economy Marc S. Roberts recently estimated that heart transplants in Harvard-affiliated Boston hospitals will cost as much as $200,000 apiece while liver transplants may run upwards of $300,000. Certainly the venerable doctors at Harvard could put such enormous sums to better use, and set an example for the rest of the country...