Word: livers
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...Obese boys and girls are already starting to develop the illnesses of excess associated with people in their 40s and beyond: heart disease, liver disease, diabetes, gallstones, joint breakdown and even brain damage as fluid accumulation inside the skull leads to headaches, vision problems and possibly lower IQs. A staggering 90% of overweight kids already have at least one avoidable risk factor for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or hypertension. Type 2 diabetes is now being diagnosed in teens as young as 15. Health experts warn that the current generation of children may be the first in American history...
High cholesterol. Soaring blood pressure. A fatty liver. Dangerously elevated insulin levels. Even a first-year medical student could recognize the signs of a middle-aged patient struggling with weight problems and diabetes and probably heading for a heart attack...
...ills overweight kids risk (see chart), the two that may be the most complex--and thus earn a lot of new research attention--concern breakdowns in the function of the liver and pancreas. Mess with these organs, and you mess with some very fundamental metabolic systems that govern how well the body recruits and uses energy--a systemwide disruption that causes systemwide harm...
...from being inert, excess fat, researchers now know, is actually an active participant in the body's biological ballet--particularly if it's visceral fat, which can surround and even suffuse organs like the liver. Relatively shallow subcutaneous fat, which sits just under the skin, imposes a weight burden on the body but remains biologically dormant--more a repository for energy than anything else. Visceral-fat cells can secrete hormones and cytokines that help control inflammation and guide energy use by all the body's other cells. Normally this regulation of cellular fueling is maintained by a well-balanced relay...
...Kiyomi that his article on mitochondria has been accepted by Nature, the mitochondria speak through her: "I knew you were the one I've been looking for." After Kiyomi dies, the grief-stricken Toshiaki hits on the creepy plan to keep a bit of her alive by culturing her liver cells. His obsessive love of his wife and his science blind him to the strangeness of what he's doing. But the mitochondria see a perfect opportunity and rejoice. They will harness his expertise in biotechnology to conquer the world - and they aren't scrupulous about how they...