Word: livestock
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...bullets to break up demonstrations. The 38 mainly white landowners, most of whom are Kenyan citizens, have their own claim to the land: 999-year leases issued before independence by the British colonial government and later recognized by Kenya. The ranchers complain that the Masai have stolen their livestock, robbed their staff and set fire to their fields. The landowners also claim to be superior environmental stewards. Drivers passing through their ranches can see more wildlife - elephants, zebras, giraffes, buffaloes and gazelles - than in some of Kenya's national parks. "The farmers really care about the land," says Lance Tomlinson...
...India-Nepal border at the foot of the Himalayas. The area used to be sparsely populated, but after malaria was eradicated in the 1950s, farmers and loggers moved in. Today it is South Asia's Rice Bowl: there are 3.6 million people, vast paddies and 3.3 million head of livestock in the 19,000-sq.-mi. area. As land was cleared, tiger turf disappeared. Because the animals won't cross what they consider hostile terrain, they became separated into three isolated populations...
SAFEGUARDING LIVESTOCK...
Predation on livestock is the biggest reason for human--big cat conflict around the world. The solution is to make it harder for the cats to capture domesticated animals than wild prey. Cats are opportunistic hunters and will generally not go out of their way to kill a sheep if it is easier to jump a deer or an antelope...
Namibia has 3,000 cheetahs--the single largest remaining population in Africa--but ranchers shoot them for attacking cattle. Laurie Marker of the Cheetah Conservation Fund has been importing Anatolian shepherds, 160-lb. dogs bred in Turkey to protect livestock from wolves. She trains the Anatolians and then gives them to ranches, where they will stand their ground against the much smaller cheetah. Problem cheetahs that kill cattle are sometimes captured and fed an alternating diet of wild game and beef laced with lithium chloride. The beef sickens the cheetahs, persuading them to stick to wild meat...