Word: lobe
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Front Lobe. The pituitary gland consists of three parts, two lobes and a narrow middle. In the smaller rear lobe, two hormones have been fairly well identified (alpha-hypophamine and beta-hypophamine), which appear respectively to influence uterine contractions and blood pressure. Biochemist James Bertram Collip of Montreal's McGill University discovered a hormone of the middle pituitary (appropriately called intermedia) which affects, though it does not exclusively control, the blood sugar level...
...hormones secreted by the larger front lobe make the pituitary the "master gland." Yet no one knows just what or how many hormones the front lobe secretes. The trouble is that-although a few front lobe hormones have been freed of all but small traces of impurities-a living body's response under test may be due not to the hormone tested but to an "impurity...
When these sources of confusion were less well understood than now, it was fashionable to attribute every pituitary reaction to a separate hormone. Riddle exposed some of these as "ghosts." He believes the number of definitely established front-lobe hormones to be small-five at most. These possible five are 1) thyrotropin, the thyroid-stimulator; 2) adrenotropin, which acts on the adrenals; 3) and 4), "FSH" and "LH" which affect the ovaries or testes; 5) prolactin...
...what birds eat that affects their mating cycle. Other investigators had advanced the theory that increased exposure to sunlight in the spring is the sex stimulus. This theory they checked experimentally by inducing sex gland activity with artificial illumination. It looked as if the light stimulated the front lobe of the pituitary ("master gland"), which in turn roused the gonads...
...have been under orders to get Marlowe drunk and kill him. But the coroner's account has it that Marlowe grabbed Frizer's knife, whereupon the blade was turned upon himself, pushed down, entering the flesh above the right eye and plunging two inches into the frontal lobe of a brain that had been, until that instant, as powerful, creative, original, as any in the history of English literature...