Word: logic
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...bottom, no doubt it is an emotional reaction; and perhaps both sides tend to clothe their instinctive attitude in pseudo-logic. The one side, I am certain, exaggerates the ability of the United States to defend itself alone in a totalitarian world; it indulges in fantastic hopes of a negotiated peace; it hides it in contemplation of the crimes of the British, or the failings of democracy, both of which are completely irrelevant to the fact that the British, however criminal, are in fact fighting for the reconstruction of the kind or world we have known and that democracy, however...
...decided to build a Kapitza liquefier. He sent to Cambridge for blueprints. Unwilling to dismantle the machine for the sake of exact measurements, Cambridge sent only sketches, which showed valves in impossible places and other aberrations. Nevertheless Dr. Lane persevered, correcting the mistakes in the sketches by hunch and logic as he went along. It took him three years, cost $5,000. Last week he announced that he had successfully completed a Kapitza liquefier, was making liquid helium for low-temperature research quickly and safely, and at a cost of $5 a quart. It is the only Kapitza liquefier...
Defense did not claim that Harvard students were as yet in favor of war. We did say that there was a noticeable trend in that direction. We did say that the logic which students were following would likely lead to that position eventually. We were careful, however, to make it clear that at the present time only a majority of those favoring aid, not a majority of the college, were ready to go all the way if necessary...
...book is lucid, ambitious, profound. It was inspired by science's discovery of more things in heaven & earth than were dreamt of in former philosophies. "The time is ripe for a new philosophy," says Philosopher Reiser, and he hopes its main characteristics will be 1) a non-Aristotelian logic, 2) a theory of emergent evolution...
Aristotelian logic, Reiser says, has dominated Western thought for 2,000 years, confuses science and society by its omnipresent lingering. This logic is two-valued: a thing is either true or not true. Non-Aristotelian logic (which Bertrand Russell rejects) is many-valued, fills the chasm between true and not true with probabilities. A four-valued logic would permit: true, probably true, possibly true, not true. (The word "and" then acquires 14.348,907 distinct meanings.*) Such logic is not speculative nonsense but a tool urgently needed, for example, by atom-studying physicists. It is also vital in comprehending the relativity...