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...later, though, she says, they can't un-evolve overnight. "The current forests won't immediately start growing taller and stronger," she says. Eventually, the evolutionary process will catch up, as new seedlings without the frost response take over. "In principle, however," says Kuparinen, "this process will take a long time. The rate of evolution is slower than the rate at which climate will change." The forests would thus get no benefit, remaining stunted until seedlings without early dormancy genes can take root and take over...
...this is only the latest in a long line of modeling studies and experiments that show how complicated the climate-vegetation connection can be. When you double the CO2 in greenhouses where wheat or soybeans are growing, for example, the plants grow bigger by an average of 20-40%. But things get messier when scientists add CO2 to plants growing in real-world conditions. In a set of experiments called the Free-Air Carbon-dioxide Enrichment project, or FACE, investigators have been introducing CO2 into the air in experimental fields and forests around the world. The result is that some...
...effects in different parts of the world. "In northern areas," says Lobell, "you'll see an expansion of the growing season" - which, if the Finnish study is correct, won't necessarily help forests, but could be good for crops, since you can deliberately plant seeds that are suited to long summers. But in arid parts of the tropics, he says, where plant growth is limited by the availability of water, more frequent droughts could make things worse. "Large parts of the world," says Field, "are already at the warm edge of where things like to grow...
...long after the earthquake subsided, some members of the Harvard community raced to the home of destruction to provide the aid that Haiti desperately needed...
...years is a long time to go before finding the right treatment. Have you learned anything that could help others speed up the process? I'd advise people to go to a teaching hospital because the doctors there are less likely to be bought by big Pharma, and they're more connected to the research. It's easy to take the samples and to be lazy. At a teaching hospital, you're more apt to find a psychiatrist who will listen to your story and prescribe medications they know work. My doctor is open to drugs like lithium that have...