Word: longs
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Died. Fedor Ivanovich Tolbukhin, 55, marshal of the Soviet Union, one of the defenders of Stalingrad; after long illness; in Moscow. Tolbukhin's army broke through the German lines in November 1942, completed encirclement of Paulus' German Sixth Army, later helped drive the enemy out of the southern Ukraine and the Balkans...
First step was to study the chemical structure of wool, which is made up of long, thin molecules linked together crosswise, roughly as the side pieces of a long ladder are linked by the rungs. The chemists found that if they broke the cross links chemically, the wool was much easier for the moths to digest. The links, apparently, were the moths' big problem. So the chemists reasoned that if the links were made stronger, the moths might not be able to digest the wool...
...natural wool, the long molecules are connected by "disulphide cross-linkages." These the chemists replaced by "bis-thioether cross-linkages." The artificial links are as strong mechanically as the natural ones, so the wool is as strong. The links are also stronger chemically, and the moths' digestive juices cannot break them down. Moth larvae put on a diet of modified wool quickly starve to death, even though a few nutritious food stains are added. Moncrieff predicts that when all wool is modified in this way, clothes moths will have to return to their primitive diet...
Today, the infant art of industrial design is fast becoming as potent a sales force as advertising. Many big companies, like General Motors, General Electric and Westinghouse, have long since built up design departments of their own, but smaller companies, who cannot afford to do so, must depend exclusively on freelance specialists like Loewy...
...Before long, the benefit of his shrewd, appraising eye was being respectfully sought by such merchandising bigwigs as John Wanamaker and Horace Saks...