Word: lorenzes
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...Austrian Ethologist Konrad Lorenz, a couple of shadows marred the sunny days following his capture of the 1973 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (TIME, Oct. 22). First a bunch of trigger-happy hunters shot 19 of his animal subjects: graylag geese living on his Grünau observation grounds. Then came the discovery that the $4,000 Schiller prize, which Lorenz won just after the Nobel, had come from a German neo-Nazi group, who presumably had misunderstood his analysis of violence in On Aggression. Turning the prize money over to Amnesty International, an organization that keeps...
...surprise move last week, Sweden's Karolinska Institutet awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine-which usually goes to researchers in disease or laboratory science-to three behavioral scientists: Karl von Frisch, 86, Konrad Lorenz, 69, and Nikolaas Tinbergen, 66. They will share $120,000 in prize money and the satisfaction of seeing ethology, the scientific field which they virtually created, recognized by the highest of academic accolades...
With less experimental finesse, perhaps, but with greater intellectual capacity, another Viennese, Konrad Lorenz, began his studies of ducks and a gaggle of other animals in early childhood. Since then, in Austria and, after 1951, at the Max Planck Institute of Behavioral Physiology near Munich, he confirmed that his animal subjects inherited certain instincts, but that other kinds of behavior are learned or "imprinted." The newborn duckling will be imprinted to follow the first moving object it sees, whether it is its mother, a cardboard box or a balloon...
...Violence. Later, Lorenz applied his insights into animal instinct and imprinting to man in a series of popular books, including King Solomon's Ring (1949) and On Aggression (1963). Perhaps his most controversial theory views animal and human aggression as an instinctive drive with a number of useful features. Aggression's ugly side-war and violence-will be selected out of human behavior by the evolutionary "power of human reason...
...alive and well. He no longer appears in his ancient theological raiment; he is more subtly lodged in the human personality-a seventh circle of the psyche-where he is currently known as the instinct of aggression. Such is the description he has been given by ethologists like Konrad Lorenz and Robert Ardrey, who argue that fundamental drives are the basis of human behavior. In the '60s, it was commonly supposed that the devil could be banished by improving human institutions, but he seems scarcely daunted by such superficial change...