Word: lowered
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...economics at the University of Paris Nord, contends that it will be more like 2%. He cites soft consumer demand at home and still softer exports as causes for concern. Traditionally, some 30% of French exports go to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and other developing nations where lower oil revenues and large debt loads have sharply curtailed purchasing power. As a result, France's export earnings are bound to suffer. Sluggish growth may nudge up unemployment from 10.6% to 11% this year, Chevalier said...
...impetus for the voucher program was a study by the Rand Corp. that reached just the conclusion that free-market advocates wanted to hear: rental units in many cities are plentiful but too expensive for lower-income people. Though liberal critics derided the idea as just another way to cut services to the poor, the Administration is now well along on a five-year, $200 million pilot program to test vouchers in 20 communities. To date 15,000 leases have been subsidized by vouchers; eventually the Government plans to subsidize 140,000 rental units...
...hurt people with the exercise of our freedom," says Spence. Six years ago he represented a former Miss Wyoming, Kimerli Pring, in a suit against Penthouse, which ran a tale about the sexual feats of a fictional Miss Wyoming. Though an appeals court threw out the lower-court award of $12.5 million, the case sent a shiver through publishers. Another shudder had come with a 1979 decision on the novel Touching. A California psychologist who ran nude therapy groups convinced a jury that he was the basis for an unflattering portrait in the book and won $75,000 in damages...
...correspondence. Although the actual letters belonged to the recipients, by law the words remained his. In court, Salinger's lawyers argued that Hamilton went well beyond the "fair use" right of writers to describe or give examples of another's work. The two-judge appeals panel agreed, reversing a lower court that threw out Salinger's suit last November. The judges pointed out that the letters are used "on at least 40% of the book's 192 pages." Observing that the excerpts included "virtually all of the most interesting passages of the letters," they held that Salinger was entitled...
...Russian Studies at Columbia University: "Glasnost is a lever to break up the static formations of the entrenched interests and corrupt groups that have been so powerful. But the implementation of these policies is hindered because ((Gorbachev)) has not had time to develop the support among mid- and lower-level officials. It's a huge machine, and it's very hard to get a handle on it." Jeremy Azrael of the Rand Corp., a West Coast think tank, says that regional party bosses have become "feudal barons" and that Gorbachev has to gain control over them before...