Word: lowers
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Embankment apartments were occupied by the Nationalist army, which took over the top two floors, including the penthouse, for the placement of sandbags and machine guns. The tenants were moved to the lower floor, and it was here that a stand was made for about two days, just about the only serious conflict between Nationalists and Communists during Shanghai's occupation...
...national security. U.S. electrical manufacturers have argued that foreign equipment could not be properly repaired and maintained in a national emergency, invoked national security to block the English Electric Co. from supplying turbines for the Greers Ferry Dam in Arkansas, even though English Electric's bid was 17% lower than the contract winner, Baldwin Lima-Hamilton Corp. (TIME, Feb. 2). Last week the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization ruled, in effect, that the national security argument can be carried...
Although many private brands sell at lower prices, they are really a long-range detriment to the consumer, charges Henry Abt, president of the Brand Names Foundation. Says he: "Private labels ride the coattails of makers' brands. No private label past or present has ever pioneered a new product or improved an existing one." National food brands last year spent $105 million on research and development of new products and $476 million to advertise them. An estimated 33? of every dollar spent in supermarkets goes into products that did not exist ten years...
...tough has the competition from private labels become that some national-brand makers turn out both, in the hope of lowering overall production costs and gaining a more favorable reception for the manufacturer's name-brand products. In many cases the quality is exactly the same, but the price is lower. B. T. Babbitt, cleaning-products maker, markets its Glim liquid detergent to some distributors to retail for 69? per 22-oz. bottle. It also supplies them with the identical product under the Sparkle label to retail for 49?. But in many a private brand, the lower price reflects...
Others are not so optimistic. The supermarkets and chains have become so powerful that they are often in a position to force a middle-sized producer to turn out a private label for his product for them at a lower price, or they will not buy from him at all. The real fear is that the supermarkets, in their increasing competition with each other, will put such a premium on profit margins that they will squeeze out more and more name brands to the ultimate harm of the consumer, who has benefited most from the new products that have been...