Word: lowing
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Survival is now the goal. With low endowments, even lower budgets, a lack of contributions and middling ticket sales, arts organizations from puppet theaters to tap-dance troupes are pruning their operations. In the past year, the Ohio Arts Council announced a series of three budget cuts. (See the top 10 guerrilla artists...
...Chicago Symphony Orchestra has endured a 19% endowment drop, from $229 million last June to $185 million for this May. It's been about six years since Chicago's endowment has sunk so low, according to the orchestra's president, Deborah Rutter. But ticket revenues were actually higher this year compared to last. Though advance sales for the coming season are down 4%, Rutter is optimistic. The Chicago Symphony is among the lucky few that have yet to toy with thoughts of closing...
...biggest questions in climate sensitivity has been the role of low-level cloud cover. Low-altitude clouds reflect some of the sun's radiation back into the atmosphere, cooling the earth. It's not yet known whether global warming will dissipate clouds, which would effectively speed up the process of climate change, or increase cloud cover, which would slow it down. (See pictures of the effects of global warming...
...clearing the haze. A group of researchers from the University of Miami and the Scripps Institute of Oceanography studied cloud data of the northeast Pacific Ocean - both from satellites and from the human eye - over the past 50 years and combined that with climate models. They found that low-level clouds tend to dissipate as the ocean warms - which means a warmer world could well have less cloud cover. "That would create positive feedback, a reinforcing cycle that continues to warm the climate," says Amy Clement, a climate scientist at the University of Miami and the lead author...
...data showed that as the Pacific Ocean has warmed over the past several decades - part of the gradual process of global warming - low-level cloud cover has lessened. That might be due to the fact that as the earth's surface warms, the atmosphere becomes more unstable and draws up water vapor from low altitudes to form deep clouds high in the sky. (Those types of high-altitude clouds don't have the same cooling effect.) The Science study also found that as the oceans warmed, the trade winds - the easterly surface winds that blow near the equator - weakened, which...