Word: lumped
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Wreaking such havoc on the body is impossible without the help of local capillaries, the Harvard group found. If a tumor is unsuccessful in recruiting nearby blood vessels, it quickly starves, remaining a dormant and harmless lump of renegade cells surrounded by the body's normal cells...
...building -- a striped marble lump by Edward Larrabee Barnes, which looks like a consulate in some Middle Eastern emirate -- cost $60 million; the endowment fund is $38 million, a large but, for its purposes, insufficient amount. It is a tribute to his gall that Hammer managed to get Oxy to pay out such sums, when he owned less than 1% of Oxy stock, on the questionable ground that the museum would pump up the company's prestige. Oxy shareholders are suing for waste of corporate assets. The niece of Hammer's wife Frances, who died in 1989, is also suing...
...detection of tumors. Some 65% of American women over 40 have had a mammogram, up from about 20% in 1979. The widespread use of this tool, a low-dose X ray of the breasts, has meant that more women are discovering their tumors in the early stages, before a lump can be felt. In past decades, prior to the spread of mammography, such women might have died of other causes before their breast cancer was diagnosed...
Consider these facts. By the time a breast tumor is large enough to be felt as a lump, it is generally more than 1 cm (0.4 in.) in diameter and contains several billion cancer cells, some of which may have broken loose, circulated through the bloodstream and begun to infiltrate other organs. A mammogram can detect pinpoint tumors that are less than 0.5 cm (0.2 in.) across, often well before the process of metastasis has started. This is not to say that a manual exam by a doctor or the woman herself is a waste of time. Such exams...
...years ago, lumpectomy would not have been an option for Fallscheer. Since then, studies have shown that when a tumor is small, confined to a single area and readily accessible to the surgeon's scalpel, lump removal plus radiation is no less effective than removing the entire breast. But as Fallscheer's experience shows, not every surgeon is convinced. Nor does every eligible patient choose the lesser operation. Though about 50% of breast- cancer patients are candidates for lumpectomy, only about half of those elect it. Many, including Nancy Reagan, feel safer if the entire breast is removed. "For most...