Word: lumumba
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Zairean dissatisfaction with Mobutu has deep roots, going back to the early '60s, when Zaire--then the Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa)--won independence from the Belgians under the leadership of Patrice Lumumba. The Belgian record in Africa was particularly cruel, with a long history of massacres and torture in the Congo. By international agreement, the Congo was the personal fiefdom of Belgium's King Leopold, who grew notorious for the repression and exploitation he encouraged in the area...
...Lumumba was outspoken in his opposition to such a future for his country. As a result, the Belgians fostered a coup against him, and then promoted secession by Katanga, which contained most of their assets. (The Katangan rebels who took Kolwezi two weeks ago are the remnants and descendants of the losing side in the civil war that followed secession.) United Nations "peacekeeping" forces, with U.S. support, also played a key role in the success of the coup against the Lumumba government, holding government forces in check while allowing Mobutu, then head of the army and considered "safe...
...could invite similar demands from other regions of Zaïre, which has some 200 tribes. A corrupt dictator, Mobutu is unpopular-even hated-in much of the country. In the wild northeast, for example, he is accused of being responsible for ordering the murder in 1961 of Patrice Lumumba, the region's popular leftist martyr. This rancor has reportedly been translated into aid and recruits for guerrillas. How his enemies will exploit Mobutu's troubles remains to be seen-when the quagmire dries and fighting resumes...
...Ilyich Ramírez Sánchez. He is 26, the son of a Venezuelan Communist intellectual who gave each of three sons one of Lenin's names: Vladimir, Ilyich and Lenin. Carlos was recruited by the KGB in his homeland and sent to Moscow's Lumumba University for training sometime in the late '60s. He also attended four special institutes run by the Soviet secret police near Moscow, where he took courses in political indoctrination, sabotage, the use of weapons and killer karate. In 1969 he was expelled from the Soviet Union, although Washington believes that...
...Congo's Patrice Lumumba. The committee did find evidence to permit "a reasonable inference that the plot to assassinate Lumumba was authorized by President Eisenhower." In any case, in the fall of 1960, two CIA officials were asked by superiors to assassinate Lumumba. Poisons were sent to the Congo and some exploratory steps were taken toward getting to him, but nothing came of that plot. Quite separately, in early 1961, Lumumba was killed by Congolese rivals. "It does not appear that the U.S. was in any way involved in the killing...