Word: lungfuls
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...leading antioxidants, beta carotene and vitamin E, gave no protection against lung cancer in a controlled test of 29,000 Finnish smokers, and may have done some harm...
...Many blacks lack an enzyme that breaks down a key carcinogen in tobacco smoke, which may help explain why black men who smoke are 48% more likely to develop lung cancer than white men who smoke...
...moorings that attach it to surrounding tissue. Slowly it extends one, two, three fingerlike probes and begins to creep. Then it detects the pulsating presence of a nearby capillary and darts between the cells that compose the blood- vessel wall. It dives into the red river that courses through lung and liver, breast and brain. An hour or so later, it surfaces on some tranquil shore, settles down and -- at the expense of its hapless neighbors -- begins to prosper...
...make errors. Proven carcinogens include asbestos, benzene and some ingredients of cigarette smoke. Many carcinogens, it turns out, are not blunderbusses but leave highly individualized fingerprints in the DNA they touch. At the National Cancer Institute, Dr. Curtis Harris, a molecular epidemiologist, has been examining cells from liver- and lung-cancer patients, searching for mutations in a tumor-suppressor gene known as p53 (p stands for the protein the gene makes and 53 for the protein's molecular weight). Smokers who develop lung cancer, Harris has found, show tiny alterations in the p53 gene that differ from those in nonsmokers...
...Molecule of the Year. But now there is a new contender for notoriety -- MTS1, as Alexander Kamb and his colleagues refer to the multiple tumor- suppressor gene they have just discovered. "Multiple" refers to the fact that defects in this gene can cause many kinds of cancer, including melanoma, lung, breast and brain tumors. In fact, functional copies of MTS1 may be missing in more than 50% of all human cancers...