Word: lungfuls
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...early 1960s, 50,000 babies a year died because they were born without a chemical substance necessary for proper lung function. Today, thanks to one Harvard researcher, such infants' chances for survival have more than doubled...
...neonatologist's first paper on the subject, co-written by Harvard colleague Jere Mead '43, was published in 1959. In the paper, the authors studied the surface tension of lung extracts prepared from babies with hyaline membrane disease, which causes respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and often leads to death...
...Black lung, a condition that develops after years of breathing coal dust, gradually robs the lungs of their ability to absorb oxygen. In advanced cases, patients are tethered to breathing machines that they carry around with leather straps or on caddies. When some patients travel out of town, they must calculate the distance and how long their portable oxygen tanks will last, as if they were living underwater...
...pressing their claims for compensation, miners are at a distinct disadvantage. Most lawyers decline to accept black lung cases because they know that claimants have little chance, says Dr. Mohammed Ranavaya, a West Virginia physician who has examined thousands of black lung patients. "It's not an even playing field, because you have a small-town coal miner vs. a big, resourceful company. It's David and Goliath...
...grandfather before him, he went into the mines. Twenty-two years later, he emerged as a man old beyond his years, his frail 112-lb. frame racked with a convulsive cough. Now 55, he is rarely out of reach of an oxygen machine. In his struggle to claim black lung disability, he is no match for Island Creek Coal Co. Perry never finished elementary school. A collector of baseball cards, he enjoys the pictures but cannot read the text. Island Creek has stoutly resisted his claims, arguing that his condition is the result not of working in the mines...