Word: lydian
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Traces of reed buts and a hearth were found above the burial. Other important discoveries were made among the shops of the bazaar which flourished at the time of Croesus, the Lydian king during the sixth century before Christ...
...expedition found its first Lydian gold when it followed up the lead of modern graverobbers. A tomb of a Lydian lady had been illicitly opened during the winter; the archaeologists completed the excavation by sifting every bit of earth. Out of the dirt came a half-inch gold bead, delicately adorned with tiny gold globules, an agate pendant on gold wire, and a tiny silver figurine of a hawk, From broken pottery in the grave, the archaeologists dated the burial to the time of Croesus' father, about...
Information on trade and industry in Lydian kingdom of Croesus, in the 7th and 6th centuries B.C., came from excavation of the Lydian bazaar in a great trench south of the modern highway. Heaps of ashes lying in a circle, moulds with bits of bronze, and actual bronze objects showed that large-scale bronze casting was carried...
...floors of shops and workshops, the archaeologists discovered many identical sets of crockery, each set containing a cup, plate, and two little jugs. "This set-up was apparently what a well-supplied Lydian needed to each lunch or breakfast," Hanfmann said. "But the meal in progress was rudely interrupted; the diners abandoned their places, never to return." Hanfmann suggests that the interruption was the attack by Ionian Greeks, who fell upon Sardis in 499 B.C. and burned down the city...
Also uncovered in the Lydian Bazaar were three inscriptions from the 6th century B.C. incised on plain pots. Experts believe the language is Carian, that of a people who lived south of the Lydians and whom the Lydians employed as mercenaries...