Word: lymph
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...patch of skin including the blemish, roughly 5 cm (2 in.) wide. The diagnosis: Stage 2A melanoma, an invasive form of skin cancer that claims the lives of up to 34% of those diagnosed within 10 years. Doctors also made an incision down his left cheek to remove lymph nodes in his neck in case the cancer had spread; they found it had not. The surgery left a large scar, and for weeks McCain retreated from public view to recover...
...Thomas' study was not designed to tease out why these scalp and neck lesions are particularly dangerous, but she notes that those areas are crisscrossed with extensive lymph and blood vessels - such networks can make it easier for cancer cells to both grow and spread. Dr. Vijay Trisal, a cancer specialist at City of Hope National Medical Center in Los Angeles, also notes that these areas receive the most sun exposure. "The maximum sun exposure areas are to the scalp, face and neck," he says, "so it makes sense biologically that cancers here would be different from those in areas...
...Anderson study, led by Donald Berry, chair of biostatistics, included women with all types of breast cancer, all at the beginning stages of the disease. All had tested positive for cancer in some lymph nodes even after surgery, but none had been diagnosed with cancer that had spread any further. While women receiving the treatment enjoyed a few extra cancer-free months before relapse, they did not survive any longer than women who never underwent the rigorous therapy. "I was surprised by the results," says Berry. "I was expecting some subsets of women to show some survival benefit. Many studies...
That's especially exciting because painting tumors could also help doctors control cancers before they spread from an organ to the lymph nodes and other tissues. Olson's molecular paint can pick up tumors as small as 200 cells, potentially helping doctors identify, for instance, the micrometastases that can make breast cancer so dangerous. Current techniques like magnetic resonance imaging start detecting tumors at 1 million cells. "It's a way to extend what we can see," says Olson, making all our tools against cancer more powerful...
That's especially exciting because painting tumors could also help doctors control cancers before they spread from an organ to the lymph nodes and other tissues. Olson's molecular paint can pick up tumors as small as 200 cells, potentially helping doctors identify, for instance, the micrometastases that can make breast cancer so dangerous. Current techniques like magnetic resonance imaging start detecting tumors at 1 million cells. "It's simply a way to extend what we can see," says Olson, making all our tools against cancer more powerful...