Word: lymphomas
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...results, on a larger test group, confirmed the earlier findings. Rosenberg and his colleagues used the technique on 157 cancer patients with melanoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and colorectal, kidney and other cancers that were initially considered untreatable. What is more, the affected tumors were metastatic -- that is, they had spread to other sites in the body. Of the 157 patients, 20 had at least a 50% reduction in tumor size, while complete remissions were produced in nine. (Four patients died from side effects of therapy.) The second paper, by Dr. William West and a team of physicians and scientists...
Grufferman too was skeptical -- until examination of the slides showed that one patient indeed had Burkitt's lymphoma. With Dr. Joseph Pagano, a cancer virologist at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, he promptly launched an investigation. Soon, Pagano recalls, "we realized that a virus was a more likely explanation than any other...
...difficulties is the mixed signal provided by the viral evidence. Signs of Epstein-Barr infection were found in one family member with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma but were absent in two of the other cancer victims (the fourth died before testing was done). Was some other virus, still undiscovered, responsible for the familial outbreak...
...cause at least one form of human cancer and are prime suspects in several other kinds of malignancies. Just last week Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Md., announced that he and his team had isolated a new virus that may cause certain kinds of lymphoma and may even play a role in a chronic fatigue illness that seems to strike adults. One prominent virologist, Dr. William Haseltine of Harvard's Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, ventures that "at least 25% of human cancers are caused by viruses." Viruses may even initiate so- called autoimmune diseases...
...Someone infected with hepatitis B has 100 times the normal risk of developing liver cancer," says Beasley, "and that's being conservative." The Epstein-Barr virus has been associated with a couple of types of cancer. In Central Africa and New Guinea, it has been linked to Burkitt's lymphoma, an immune-cell cancer that primarily strikes children. In southern China, the virus plays a role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, a malignancy of the nose and throat that afflicts more than 50,000 people a year. Retroviruses are known to cause cancer in a wide range of animals, from mice...