Word: macarthurs
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Legacy from Uncle. No one is more aware than Douglas MacArthur II of the ironic fact that the weapons which the Communists are exploiting in Japan are in large part a legacy from the man he invariably calls "my uncle." When he landed at Atsugi Airport in August 1945, General MacArthur's task was to endow Japan with democratic institutions which would temper the physical power the Japanese had acquired by forced draft in the 90 years since Commodore Perry had forced them to abandon two centuries of hermithood. Through the sprawling military supergovernment known as SCAP (Supreme Commander...
...constitution written by SCAP's Government Section, the general gave the Japanese the liberties that some of them now seem bent on throwing away-free speech, universal suffrage, an independent judiciary. In 1949, Detroit Banker Joseph Dodge, MacArthur's tough-minded economic adviser, forced upon the reluctant Japanese a stiff dose of deflation and decontrol-and thereby laid the foundations of Japan's present economic strength. No less vital was the land-reform program which, by redistributing 4,500,000 acres of land and cutting tenant farmers from 48% of the agricultural population to only 9%, gave...
Like Dulles, he was a hard worker. Once when Dulles himself telephoned the MacArthur home asking for Doug, Mrs. MacArthur mistook him for an aide and snapped irately: "MacArthur is where MacArthur always is, weekdays, Saturdays, Sundays and nights-in that office." (Within minutes, MacArthur got a telephoned order from Dulles: "Go home at once, boy. Your home front is crumbling.") Admiring Dulles' love for uncluttered action, MacArthur also acquired Dulles' conviction that the best hope for peace lay in a network of anti-Communist alliances that the Communists could clearly understand-with each nation involved being...
...Liabilities. In his pursuit of such partnership in Japan, Doug MacArthur discovered that his legacy from Uncle Douglas included some ominous liabilities. Most obvious was Article 9 of the Occupation-imposed Japanese Constitution, which reads flatly: "Land, sea and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained." With the out break of the Korean war, the U.S. did an about-face, began to pressure Japan to establish "self-defense forces." But the awkwardness of building a military machine in visible violation of the constitution has haunted every Japanese government since, has given the Socialists a powerful...
...remains an unenthusiastic "yamu wo enai [it can't be helped]"-which lends strength to the vocal minority which openly prefers neutralism or "neutralism leaning toward China." To forestall the possibility that this situation might ultimately explode in a flash of all-out hostility to the U.S., Ambassador MacArthur soon fell in with Kishi's insistence that the time had come for American concessions designed to convert the Japanese public from yamu wo enai to a relationship of "mutual trust" with...