Word: machel
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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London dispatched a special emissary to Salisbury-Lord Greenhill, 62, former Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs. Presidents Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, Julius Nyerere of Tanzania, Seretse Khama of Botswana and Samora Machel of Mozambique warned that unless real progress was made "within weeks, not months," they would remove restraints from black Rhodesian guerrillas anxious to use their territories as a base for operations. Even South Africa's Prime Minister John Vorster, a longtime backer of Smith, urged Salisbury to grant majority rule to Rhodesia's 5.8 million blacks (v. 273,000 whites); the alternative, he said, would...
...year, guerrilla activity against Smith's regime has been on the rise. Last week Rhodesia announced that its security forces had killed 24 guerrillas in "hot pursuit" along the Mozambique border, presumably meaning that the Rhodesians had entered Mozambican territory. The incident occurred twelve days after Mozambican President Machel had warned that he would invade Rhodesia if Mozambique's borders were violated...
...hold all the cards, for they rely heavily on Mozambique's port, Lorenco Marques, as an avenue to the sea. In the past, Rhodesia has sent nearly all its exports through the Mozambique capital, while nearly 20 per cent of South Africa's exports travel through Mozambique. If Machel closes Mozambique's borders to its white dominated neighbors, they would be left with only the already badly congested ports of South Africa as routes to the rest of the world...
SOUTH AFRICA also relies heavily on Mozambique labor for its mining industry, as nearly a quarter of its miners have come from southern Mozambique. Malawi is already withdrawing its nationals from South African mines, and if Machel's government recalls Mozambique citizens, South Africa will lose about half its miners. And the same reasons that made foreign labor so attractive to the mine owners make them reluctant to rely on South African laborers--a higher concentration of black South Africans in the mines could increase the number of strikes and work stoppages that already plague the South African ruling elite...
...While Angola's problems are largely internal, exaccerbated by the influence of foreign domination of the economy, Mozambique's internal unity should help it deal with its neighbors on an equal footing. Frelimo is determined to formulate policies that will hasten economic development, without sacrificing its political cohesiveness. If Machel and his party can avoid the tribalism, opportunism and power struggles that have toppled other socialist governments in Africa, Mozambique seems destined to become a leading force in independent Africa...