Word: macmillan
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...Harold Macmillan's announcement of Britain's radical military realignment promises to affect gravely military planning throughout the NATO nations. This move was motivated principally by economic difficulties compounded by the Suez invasion. In an attempt to lower taxes, the government plans to halve military manpower by 1960 and eliminate the draft by withdrawing troops from Libya, Korea, and Germany in particular. The government views its present program, undertaken in 1950 under the pressure of Korean conflict, as ill-adapted to the present need for long-range planning. Prime Minister Macmillan argues, further, that an economically burdened England could never...
...underlying philosophy of Britain's outlook is "realism" according to its own view, "defeatism" according to some initial American reactions. The White Paper announcing the change detected "no means of providing adequate protection for the people of this country against the consequences of an attack with nuclear weapons." Macmillan has been willing to agree with the American goal of a party for every thrust to the extent of backing "defense research" against bombs and missiles, but no one seems too optimistic about its success...
...carry more weight with the Tory Party and with Macmillan personally than the sibilant, stern Lord Salisbury. Besides being relatives by marriage, Macmillan and Salisbury have been political allies ever since 1938 when Salisbury, along with Anthony Eden, resigned from Neville Chamberlain's government in protest at British appeasement of Mussolini. When Suez and ill-health drove Eden from No. 10 Downing Street last winter, it was Salisbury, together with Sir Winston Churchill, who persuaded the Queen to name Macmillan Prime Minister instead of "Rab" Butler (who had once supported Chamberlain's appeasement...
This time the bonds of old friendship failed to carry the day. On his own initiative, Macmillan overruled Salisbury, and at midweek Colonial Secretary Alan Lennox-Boyd told the House of Commons: "While Her Majesty's Government cannot regard [Makarios' statement] as the clear appeal for which they asked, nevertheless they consider that in the present circumstances it is no longer necessary to continue the Archbishop's detention." The government, added Lennox-Boyd, would not permit the Archbishop to return to Cyprus itself, nor would it comply with his demand for immediate lifting of the state...
Tolling Bells. In much of the world Macmillan's decision was greeted with hope and delight. "At least and at last, negotiations that can mean something are in prospect," declared London's News Chronicle. From Dublin, Irish Premier Eamon de Valera sent Makarios a history of Eire's fight for independence, accompanied by a note describing the book as a gift "from one who understands and sympathizes." In Cyprus itself church bells tolled triumphantly, spelling out "Makarios" in an old Greek ringing code, and as the news spread from balcony to balcony, crowds poured into the streets...