Word: made
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...fell below the value of the Chinese dollar, the yen falling under 16? while the Chinese dollar held firm at 16.11?. For the Japanese, who have been trying to persuade the Chinese that their money was just as good as Chiang Kai-shek's and who have made valiant efforts to keep Japanese-sponsored currency at par with the British and U S-supported Chinese dollar, this was as serious as a big defeat on the battlefield Many a Chinese coolie, farmer or worker in Japanese "conquered" territory has even on pain of death preferred the "harder" Chinese money...
...Party moves. Bigger than military questions is the problem of how much their moves mean to the 23,000,000 industrial and office workers, the 93,500,000 peasants and artisans, who in time of war will be compelled to protect the State, and who for 20 years have made sacrifices for its future...
Small compared to the quantitative increase in U. S. productive capacity in 1920-29, the Five-Year Plans represented a greater rate of increase. They doubled Russia's industrial stature, made her an industrial power, left her self-sufficient in production of oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, cellulose, cotton, super phosphates. But it set a vast segment of the Russian proletariat moving from factory to factory, from village to city, in one of the great tidal movements of humanity that Tolstoy long ago described as the ceaseless wanderings of workmen over the earth. It ended uniform wages. Breakdowns, delays...
...back to their farms by May. In the Central Black Soil region-Russia's richest farmland-64% of collectivized families fled home two months after the drive ended. And although, the next year, 58% of peasant households were in collectives, livestock continued to be slaughtered until it was made a capital offense, until the 1933 livestock population was smaller than it had been in 1922, until 5% of collective farm income was devoted to repaying peasants for property they contributed. But there were fewer peasants, more prisoners, and 19,000,000 fewer horses, 14,700,000 fewer cattle...
...discovery of further and greater cosmic motions may be made when bigger telescopes (such as Caltech's 200-inch) are completed. At present the visible universe is a galaxy-studded space a billion light-years in diameter. Some day it may be found that this whole aggregation with its hidden fringes is moving as an organized system relative to other aggregations of comparable size, not yet seen...