Word: madrid
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Spain's Francisco Franco showed no sign of caring what people might think about his repressive acts. But today Spain, a U.N. member, is a generation removed from the martial aftermath of its civil war. Last week Franco, looking for scapegoats for the recent Falange-student riots in Madrid (TIME, Feb. 20), found it expedient to appease two important blocs of Spanish opinion...
...crucial battle of the Spanish civil war was fought in Madrid's University City. On the ruins of the historic university buildings Dictator Franco built a new seat of learning. To guard against the revival of the old liberal traditions, he set up the Sindicato Español Universitario (called the S.E.U.), an arm of the Falange Party to which every student was obliged to belong. Last week, 17 years after the battle of University City, a serious open revolt against the Franco regime was sparked in University City, and spread across Madrid in three days of violent street...
...noon the battle flowed into the center of Madrid. Students and Falangists, charging through the crowded Puerta del 501 and into the Calle de Alcalá, where Falange headquarters and the Education Ministry stand almost side by side, were sprayed by police with water-pumping jeeps. By that time some 2,000 law-school students had been joined by 1,000 allies from the medical school. Between bloody, skull-busting fights, Falangists chanted, "Down with capitalism!" and "Down with the monarchy!" (assuming the students to be supporters of both), and sang an antimonarchist hymn which begins...
Shoot If Necessary. Despite many injured, no word of the rioting appeared in the Madrid press. The university was closed down, but next day Falangists and anti-Falangists clashed again. This time the Falangists pulled their pistols, but in the confused fighting managed only to wound one of their own sympathizers. At this point Franco stepped in, ordered all Falangists confined to barracks, and sent 1,400 heavily armed plainclothesmen into the streets with orders to break up disturbances by "shooting, if necessary...
...again among the youth of Spain," blamed "armed liberalism motivated by Communism." But Spaniards were not deceived. The government announced that Dean Torres López had been fired, while Rector Laín Entralgo was reported ousted. Seven student ringleaders were reportedly exiled to places 200 miles from Madrid. The names of the youths, all respectfully referred to by the title of Don, showed them to include the son of one of the founders of the Falange, the nephew of the Falange's third in command, and the son of one of Franco's closest personal friends...