Word: magistra
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...Peter's, John Paul delivered a 5,000-word speech that may mark the entire course of his papacy. The text was designed to strip away any ambiguity over future papal social policy. From Leo XIII's Rerum Novarum (1891) to John XXIII's Mater et Magistra (1961), papal encyclicals have rejected both the "unregulated competition" of laissez-faire capitalism and Marxism's class struggle with its elimination of private property. However, in his 1967 encyclical Populorum Progressio, Paul VI allowed for revolutions in extreme cases and thus left the door open to liberation theology...
Natural Right. Populorum Progressio shifts considerably to the left of previous papal encyclicals in its criticism of private property. In his celebrated Rerum Novarum of 1891, Pope Leo XIII argued that economic reform must take into account "the inviolability of private property"; Pope John's Mater et Magistra likewise termed private ownership "a natural right" of man. Paul, on the other hand, declared that property ownership "does not constitute for anyone an absolute and unconditional right. No one is justified in keeping for his exclusive use what he does not need when others lack necessities. The right to property...
...Others: Pope John XXIII's encyclicals Mater et Magistra (1961) and Pacem in Terris (1963), and the Second Vatican Council's constitution, "On the Church in the Modern World...
What will most intimately affect Catholics is the fourth chapter, a discussion of major world problems, which follows the tone and spirit of Pope John's encyclicals, Mater et Magistra and Pacem in Terris. A section on economic and social order amplifies John's dream of humane socialization; it argues that "economic development must in no case be left entirely to itself," and "the earth's goods are the common inheritance of the whole human race." A section on peace warns that "the use of nuclear weapons must be judged before God and man as most wicked...
...shipping, railroads and broadcasting. Continental businessmen, many of them connected with Catholic-oriented political parties -as in Italy, Belgium and Germany-have also been influenced by the softening of the Catholic Church's position on socialism, as evidenced by Pope John's encyclical Mater et Magistra...