Word: mahmoud
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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DIED. Ayatullah Mahmoud Taleghani, 74, an advocate of moderation within the Iranian theocracy, revealed upon his death to have been chairman of the secretive Revolutionary Council, Iran's chief ruling body; of a heart attack; in Tehran. Taleghani was the first religious leader to pronounce the monarchy "illegal" and the first to be arrested for doing so. He remained in Iran throughout the Pahlavi reign, spending a dozen years in prison, but also shaping the groundswell movement that brought the exiled Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini to power. Known for his tolerance, Taleghani served as Khomeini's mediator in disputes...
...strict Muslim home. While he was a microbiology student at Tehran University he joined the National Movement of Former Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh. When Mossadegh fell from power in a U.S.-sponsored coup in 1953, Yazdi joined the National Resistance Movement, whose founders included Bazargan and Ayatullah Mahmoud Taleghani, leader of Tehran's 4 million Shi'ites. In 1960, after most political organizations in Iran had been driven underground and their leaders jailed, Yazdi and his wife Sourour left for the U.S., where he studied at several universities, including the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston. A specialist...
...work of outside agitators the most serious challenge yet posed to his mastery over the country. "Mysterious hands are sowing disunity. Satanic plans are under way by America and its agents," he declared. His outburst had been provoked by the disaffection of a fellow Shi'ite leader, Ayatullah Mahmoud Taleghani, who touched off a new round of violent clashes and demonstrations by withdrawing from politics as a protest against the mysterious arrests of two of his sons and a daughter-in-law by Islamic militiamen. By week's end the threat of escalation had grown so great that...
...white shorts will place his racquet alongside the court at the sports club and say his prayers. An airline steward will spread out a towel in the corridor of a plane to pray. Workers in the fields will remove their boots at noon and kneel on pieces of cardboard. Mahmoud Hassan Sharaf, 76, a Bedouin who lives on the edge of the Sahara, explains the peace he finds in prayer: "If I don't pray my heart is angry. When I pray my heart is still...
...lowering of moral standards, the appeal of easygoing secular lifestyles. At the same time, Muslims are demanding the best of the West: schools, hospitals, technology, agricultural and water development techniques. Harvesting the fruits of modernization without absorbing some of its side-effects may prove to be impossible. But Sheik Mahmoud Abu Obayed of Cairo's Al Azhar University says Muslims should strive for industrialization with "careful selectivity. We must choose what is suitable for us and reject what is harmful." Anwar Ibrahim, head of Malaysia's Islamic Youth Movement, puts it another way: "Does modernization mean having liquor factories...