Word: mali
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...sense, he was born in the right place and with the right ancestry to favor a big role. Though Africa was, until the Europeans came, the continent that could not write, it had known its times of glory. Guinea was once part of the powerful Mali Empire that stretched from the French Sudan, on the upper reaches of the Niger, to just short of West Africa's Atlantic Coast. When its 14th century ruler, the Mansa (Sultan) Musa, made his pilgrimage to Mecca, he traveled with a caravan of 60,000 men, and among his camels were 80 that...
Nevertheless, however impractical it may sound at times, the yearning for a United States of Africa is real. Last month's creation of the Mali Federation -loosely encompassing the four former French territories of Senegal, the Voltaic Republic and the Republics Dahomey and Sudan-seems likely to be the pattern of things to come. The tide now running in Black Africa is toward independence, regional groupings, and a sort of African authoritarianism that pays its respects to Western democratic forms but rests on older habits of strong rule...
Though Toure's own constitution for Guinea carries a special article authorizing "the partial or total abandonment of sovereignty in the interest of African unity," he himself has not made up his mind to join the Mali Federation. Yet, as the man who cut loose from France and has so far avoided the disaster that seemed bound to follow, he could well be the figure about whom an increasingly independent French West Africa would rally...
During the Middle Ages there rose in West Africa a kingdom of warlike tribes that came to be known as the Empire of the Mali (rhymes with Bali). Among its greatest rulers was a crippled boy named Sundiata Keita, who survived the murder of his eleven brothers and ascended the throne in 1230, to build a realm that was eventually to cover what is now Guinea, Senegal, the French Sudan and Ghana. Last week one of Sundiata's descendants, the Sudan's Modibo Keita, was in Dakar, capital of Senegal, as one of the architects of a modern...
Though the four members of the Mali Federation will retain control of their own economies, they will have a common language (French), flag (red, black and gold), federal government (two ministers from each state plus a Parliament of 48 assemblymen), and will remain in De Gaulle's new French Community...