Word: malis
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...first: Cameroon, Jan. 1. Others, later this year: Belgian Congo, Somalia, the Malagasy Republic, the Mali Federation, Nigeria...
...much to start with. Mauritania is a land of sand twice the size of France sprawled across the lower Sahara on Africa's Atlantic hump. Its 620,000 people are divided between nomadic Moslem herdsmen in the north and farming Negroes in the south. Both Morocco and the Mali Federation have loudly claimed all or parts of it. But Mauritania has one major asset: a jagged black mountain, 1,500 ft. high and 20 miles long, containing iron deposits estimated at 150 million tons. With the World Bank loan, a mining company called MIFERMA, controlled...
...moved on. Last week, 18 months after France granted them autonomy, two French Community members extracted from France formal agreements granting them full independence. They are: the Malagasy Republic, which occupies the 228,000-sq.-mi. island of Madagascar, off Africa's southeast coast, and the Federation of Mali, a union of the former French West African colonies of Senegal and Sudan...
...There, independent Ghana, Guinea and Liberia will soon be joined by the rest of France's fragmenting African empire. At least seven new sovereign African states will come into existence in 1960. First on the timetable was Cameroon; soon to come: Togoland, the sprawling, wealthy Belgian Congo, the Mali Federation of Senegal and French Sudan, little Somalia, and Madagascar. On Oct. 1, the 35 million people of Nigeria, most populous of all, will get formal independence. By year's end, 180 million of the continent's 240 million people will be under black rule...
...Your Right." Since the very next meeting of the French Community's executive council was to be held in Mali, a showdown with Paris was unavoidable. Three weeks ago De Gaulle invited the leaders of Mali to Paris, and when they asked for full, free control of foreign affairs, defense, and finance (previously reserved by the Community, i.e., France), De Gaulle answered affably: "It is your right." Old Soldier de Gaulle added a piece of paternal advice: Be wary of creating an army and thus a troublesome independent political force, as in South America. De Gaulle's package...