Word: mammalian
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...that it is hard to see how it could be attempted with human subjects. In theory, the technique might be used to create stem cells, but even this scenario is a bit farfetched. What the experiment offers, however, is a tantalizing glimpse into one of the central mysteries of mammalian biology: Why do we need genes from both a mother and a father in order to be born...
...answer, most scientists suspect, has to do with a peculiar process called parental or genomic imprinting, which seems to occur only in mammals. Biologists have discovered subtle changes that are made to about 100 genes and that make a mammalian DNA molecule distinctly male or female. How does a cell know which form to imprint on its DNA? It checks out the surrounding microscopic environment to see if it seems more male-like or female-like...
...Director of Reproductive Biology at the Yale Laboratory of Reproductive Biology Harold R. Behrman called Tilly’s work a “very significant” find that prompts a new look at the assumptions about human egg generation. “The dogma has been that mammalian eggs don’t regenerate after birth,” Behrman said...
...that direction by two different techniques. In one, they stimulated an unfertilized egg to begin dividing on its own. In the other, they removed the nucleus from a donated egg and inserted that of an adult--the same method used to produce Dolly the sheep, the world's first mammalian clone...
...attempt to find out the exact function of the channel, Clapham and his group tried to insert the gene into mammalian cells that grow in dishes. These efforts failed, implying that the CatSper protein requires other proteins or “subunits” to make it work...