Word: manchuria
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...bomb. Peking's 2,500,000-man army, backed by 15 million reservists, police and militiamen, is the largest ground force in the world. Supported by four artillery and armored divisions (the latter mostly equipped with Russian T-34 tanks), the forces are presently placed in Manchuria, around Peking, along the coast between Shanghai and Canton, in South China, and in the southwest opposite India. Since early this year, they have been undergoing intensified small-unit training. Though their military equipment is largely World War II vintage and their supply lines would be vulnerable to modern air power...
MacArthur was convinced that he could win the war only by throwing Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist Chinese forces into the fight on the Chinese mainland and by carrying the war across the Yalu River into Manchuria. President Harry Truman and his Joint Chiefs of Staff argued that such tactics would inevitably bring Communist China into the Korean war. It would be, explained General Omar Bradley, chairman of the Joint Chiefs, "the wrong war at the wrong place at the wrong time with the wrong enemy...
What manner of country and what sort of people must the Communists deal with in trying to accomplish their mission? China, of course, is enormous -14 times the size of Texas. It ex tends 2,400 miles from the banks of the Amur River in topmost Manchuria to the tropical jungle border with Viet Nam, and 2,500 miles across from the indented coast on the China Sea to the Kunlun Mountains deep in Central Asia. Inside this vast domain lies just about every variety of flora and fauna imaginable, from rollicking pandas to prowling tigers, from the invigorating ginseng...
Nation's Birthplace. China's 22 provinces baffle foreigners because so many of them sound alike (Honan, Hunan; Kiangsu, Kiangsi; Shansi, Shensi). Most typical of the northern provinces is perhaps Hopeh, which contains the capital city of Peking. From its rugged border with Manchuria, the province runs down in a shelving plain to the shallow Gulf of Chihli. Very few eminent Communists come from Hopeh or its neighboring province of Shansi, which is noted for sacred mountains and such spectacular cave temples as Yun Kang, where a mile-long cliff face has been chiseled into thousands of Buddhist...
Even more edifying is the case of 22-year-old Lei Feng, a squad leader in an army transport company stationed in Manchuria. In the bad old days, his father was buried alive by the Japanese, his two brothers starved to death, and his mother hanged herself after being raped by a landlord. In the good new days, Lei Feng was always helping old ladies across streets, buying railway tickets for mothers who had lost theirs, rushing out to do volunteer work on dikes and canals, and digging with his fingers when his shovel broke. Lei Feng died last year...