Word: manchuria
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...praised him as "consistently correct," later made him boss of Manchuria, probably at Russian instigation, since the Russians were then in occupation. There Kao Kang learned the bag-of-gold technique, only the gold was Russian, and not just yellow metal, but iron, steel and machinery. Kao built Manchuria into a great industrial empire. But when he began issuing his own currency, making separate trade treaties with his Russian pals, and boasting that while China was depressed his Manchuria was booming, the idea began to get around that tough Kao was more consistent than correct. In 1953 Mao pulled...
...once do the records show Roosevelt arguing on behalf of China's independence, or making the point of China's need for Manchuria's industrial production. There was no hint of the long American recognition of China's independence as the key to stability in Asia. Stalin, in the imperialist tradition of the czars, remembered Port Arthur; Roosevelt forgot John Hay and the Open Door...
Sequel. The President did not live to see Chiang Kai-shek's concurrence. But it was given, angrily yet inevitably. The Sino-Soviet treaties with all of Stalin's demands in Manchuria and Outer Mongolia were signed Aug. 14, 1945-the day Japan surrendered. In return for Chiang's concurrence, Stalin recognized Chinese sovereignty over Manchuria, promised Chiang military and economic...
Instead, over the next four years, Stalin blocked Nationalist China's return to Manchuria; Stalin armed and otherwise abetted the Chinese Communists as they built up a decisive army in Manchuria; Stalin looted Manchuria of $2 billion worth of Japanese industrial equipment on which Chiang had counted for China's economic uplift. Then, in late 1949, two days after Mao Tse-tung proclaimed the Chinese Communist state, Stalin withdrew formal recognition from Chiang and gave it to his longtime Chinese prot...
Communists Outfought. The Communists withdrew southward to Kiangsi and Hunan Provinces, boldly resumed their offensive while the Japanese were striking in Manchuria in 1931. Chiang alienated many a patriotic student and intellectual when he turned the Japanese invasion over to the League of Nations and prepared to turn his armies on the Communists instead of the Japanese. "If China ventures to fight the Japanese," he said, "the Communists will attack from the rear and chaos will quickly overtake the whole country...