Word: manchuria
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...rely on trusted local commanders in remote areas to equip and organize their own commands. In North China, local authorities have been buying arms for militia forces independent of the Central government, and the use of silver dollars (banned by the Central government in 1935) has spread. In Manchuria, General Wei Li-huang has recruited, equipped and trained four new divisions. Without the Ginio at the head of the government, the splintering process would be speeded up. Divided, the Nationalist military leaders would be easier pickings for the Reds...
Today there is another generation of refugees, stumbling for another eternity from the battlefronts of Manchuria and North China. The scale of this exodus beggars Western feeling and experience. It is overwhelmingly one-way-from Communist into Nationalist territory...
...beleaguered Changchun and Mukden, 140,000 people press through the opposing military lines and cruel no man's land toward Tientsin, Peiping and the hope of a living. The distance they cover is upwards of 800 miles. The ordeal they undergo, as culled from my own observation in Manchuria and North China and from the press in Nanking, would need a Tu Fu to compass...
Twilight Blindness. The angry Yuan demanded a listing of the exact measures to be taken. Cried a member from Central China: "Nearly all Manchuria and North China have been lost . . . Yet the ever-weakening strength of government troops and their low morale have not even been discussed in Dr. Wong's report." When the Yuan adjourned for the day, 132 legislators were still clamoring to speak...
Mukden was once the Chicago of Manchuria. Now the city has almost no economic fat left. Only 10% of its industrial plant is functioning. More than half its 16,000 shops are boarded...