Word: mangaliso
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DIED. Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, 53, black South African leader whose determined advocacy of black rights kept him in prison or under government restriction for the past 18 years; of lung cancer; in Kimberley, South Africa. A follower of Mahatma Gandhi and a believer in nonviolent civil disobedience, Sobukwe founded the Pan-African Congress as a splinter group from the African National Congress in 1959. Following his participation in 1960 demonstrations against the restrictive pass laws that control the lives of South African blacks, Sobukwe was sentenced to three years in jail for "incitement to riot." When his term ended, Parliament...
...clearly just the end of a skirmish; few doubted that the real battle lay ahead-perhaps not too far ahead. Arraigned in court at Johannesburg under the tough emergency regulations, Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, head of the militant Pan-African Congress, was defiant. "We are going underground," he warned even as the legislators in Cape Town took the final vote to ban both his group and the bigger, older African National Congress. The nervous police soon got proof that this was not an idle boast. Scores of A.N.C. leaders had escaped arrest in the confusion of the first raids...
...Union to descend last week upon local police stations-without their passbooks, without arms, without violence-and demand to be arrested. In a few spots, the turnout was impressive. At Orlando township in the outskirts of Johannesburg, 20,000 Africans milled around the police station, led by Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe, 36, a Methodist-reared university instructor, who heads the Pan-African Congress. Fifteen miles to the south, in Evaton, 70,000 Africans turned out. The nervous police made few arrests of the demonstrators; at Langa, near Cape Town, they opened fire to disperse the Africans, killing three and wounding...
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