Word: manifestos
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Spain's Communist Party Chief Santiago Carrillo seems determined to establish himself as the St. Paul of Eurocommunism-a roving missionary for that brand of Western European Marxism that professes to be compatible with democracy and independent of Moscow. Earlier this year, Carrillo published a manifesto asserting that European Marxists should work toward reform through the ballot box rather than revolution. Now he is taking his gospel on the road...
Such freedoms have often been demanded by dissident Polish intellectuals in statements and open letters. But the Glos manifesto went much further in expressing outright resistance to the authority of the Communist Party itself. It differed in an even more significant way from the human rights appeals that have proliferated in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in the past decade. Those appeals criticized Communist regimes for not putting existing laws into practice. The Polish declaration took issue with the laws themselves...
...Glos manifesto is bound to embarrass and anger the regime of Party Chief Edward Gierek. Still, it seemed unlikely that the government would crack down on the signers so close to President Carter's scheduled visit to Warsaw in December. In Poland, such a move would only precipitate more protest...
...manifesto was signed by 110 Poles, some of them active in the 23-member Workers' Defense Committee. The committee was founded last year to support the hundreds of workers arrested in the strikes against food-price hikes. Last month, the group was renamed the Committee for the Serf-Defense of Society, or KSS. Among the prominent KSS members who put their names to the manifesto last week were Historians Jan Yosef Lipski and Adam Michnik and Sociologist Jacek Kuron-plus a group of workers who were amnestied partly because of pressure from...
...Prague last week, three signers of another manifesto, the Charter '77 human rights appeal, were tried for subversion. In the dock were Playwright Václav Havel, Journalist Jiři Lederer and Theater Director František Pavliċek. A fourth defendant, Otto Ornest, had not signed Charter '77 but was accused of handing documents to a foreign diplomat and was tried with the other three...