Word: manual
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...Nikolaev reported to control headquarters that he was watching Vostok IV through his porthole. Plotting the radio signals, scientists outside Russia estimated that the two space craft were 74.5 miles apart, knew it would be possible for the two cosmonauts to jockey their capsules even closer together by using manual controls...
...California has set up a committee to suggest a course of study. The American Legion, which once vigorously opposed any mention of Communism around schoolchildren, passed a resolution in 1957 calling for a course on the "fallacies of Communism," has now joined the National Education Association in producing a manual on the subject. Most local school boards, sometimes nudged along by resolutions from the state legislature and suggestions from the state board of education, now weave facts about Communism into regular courses such as history, social studies and geography. Teaching about Communism in the schools has become widespread and widely...
...Mercury spacemen are tempted by three separate systems for controlling their capsules-manual, automatic and fly-by-wire. The manual system has direct mechanical connections between the control stick and the valves of a set of peroxide jets. When the astronaut moves the stick, steam blasts through selected jets to give the capsule the desired turning motion. Once it starts turning in frictionless space, it continues to turn, and it cannot be stopped without using more peroxide. Vigorous use of the manual system will quickly empty its fuel tank...
...disposal, fly-by-wire, uses the jets and fuel supply of the automatic system, but is controlled by the hand stick. Instead of opening the peroxide valves directly, fly-by-wire works them through a set of electrical actuators. It is faster than automatic and smoother than manual control, but if it is used impatiently, it quickly drains the fuel of the automatic system...
...Cape Canaveral, scientists and engineers looked up in alarm from their instrument consoles. Five agonizing seconds passed. Then Carpenter, finally realizing what had gone wrong, reached up and fired the retrorockets manually. Says one man who was in the Canaveral control center: "When those retros fired, you could hear some loud sighs, people letting their breath out, and a 'thank God' or two." "Roger"-And Out. But the damage was done. By firing the retros too late at too shallow an angle, Carpenter had foredoomed his capsule to land far out of the target area. There was another...