Word: mao
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...always been high in China: Ho Luting, president of the Shanghai Musical College and composer of The East Is Red; Philosopher Feng Ting of Peking University; Opera Singer Chou Hsin-fang (rumored to have committed suicide). Even President Liu Shao-chi, 68, who had long been listed as Mao's most likely successor, was dropped from his No. 2 spot to a distant eighth in the succession ratings. Events reached a climax at last month's secret Central Committee meeting, from which Lin emerged even more clearly as Mao's chief lieutenant...
...artillery consisted of hollow logs loaded with rocks and scrap metal. The troopers sang Chinese versions of Dixie and raided Nationalist camps on feast days in order to get food. But when Chu's forces joined up with the neighboring Red bands of a guerrilla leader named Mao Tse-tung, Lin was exposed to a guerrilla technique that was later to make Mao famous...
...Legged Enemy." But for all Mao's guerrilla teachings, Chiang Kai-shek's superior Kuomintang forces drove the Reds out of populous South China, and thus began the legendary Long March-a year-long hegira of some 7,000 miles over seven mountain ranges to the remote fastness of Shensi province in the northwest. Lin commanded the vanguard of the 90,000 Red marchers, forging ahead personally on donkeyback in search of edible herbs and grasses. Riddled with illness and strafed by Kuomintang aircraft, Lin's van still managed to break through the ranks...
Within the year, Lin and fellow Red army marshals-Liu Po-cheng ("The One-Eyed Dragon"), Chen Yi and Peng Teh-huai-had captured all of China, and the grand guerrilla mystique of Mao had proved victorious over the enemy, which outnumbered the Reds 2 to 1. Then, like some ghostly hero whose legends demand his presence only in times of great crisis, Lin Piao dropped from prominence...
Much of the damage to China's position has been done by Mao's inflexibility. The puritanism and self-hypnosis that were born on the Long March and nurtured in the caves of Yenan have become an obsession. Aging and ailing, Mao now insists on seeing his philosophy through to final victory-or final defeat. Like all revolutions, China's has reached a point of critical decision. Should it forge ahead with fanatical zeal or yield to creeping conservatism? Just as the French Revolution attempted to rejuvenate itself through successive waves of terror and the Stalin period...