Word: mao
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...been clear for weeks that China was heading for some sort of momentous crescendo, but no one knew exactly what to expect. Last week, as the impact of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution abruptly spilled out across the land, the nightmare of it all became chillingly clear. Mao Tse-tung aimed to blot out not only all traces of foreign influence, but to tear out China's own cultural and historical roots as well...
Yearning to subject his country to the same hardships that he had endured on the Long March, Mao chose as the weapon for his campaign a new organization whose name derived from the civil war of the 1930s: the Red Guards. Originally, they were peasants who served Mao's Red army as porters and scouts. Today's Red Guards are high school and university students, often clad in military-type khaki trousers and belted jackets, and always wearing a red arm band. They seemed to be under the command of Mao's longtime ghostwriter, Chen Pota...
...clearly possesses the revolutionary purity and zeal that Mao values so highly. The son of a small factory owner in central China, the new No. 2 man attended Canton's famed Whampoa Military Academy, whose director was Chiang Kaishek. Young Lin, however, was apparently more influenced by one of his tutors, Chou Enlai. A colonel at 22 in the Kuomintang army, Lin defected to the Communists and later commanded the famed First Red Army group on the Long March to the shelter of Mao's redoubt in the remote caves of Yenan...
...member of the Politburo's powerful Standing Committee since 1958, Lin in recent years has become Red China's leading Mao-based military strategist. His treatise, "Long Live the Victory of People's War," which was published last year, evoked startled interest in both Communist and non-Communist camps. Its thesis: that the poor nations of the world will isolate and overthrow the rich nations, just as China's peasants isolated and overthrew China's cities...
...Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was the product of desperation and is unlikely to solve Red China's problems of backward industries and a famine-prone agricultural system. It seems incredible that Mao might have forgotten so soon, but the last time Red China tried a Great Leap Forward, it set the country back a full ten years...