Word: mao
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...such a transparent way. Certainly not Brezhnev, Kosygin and the other Russian hosts. Judging by the initial head-on assault against China, they have cast aside the promises made to many of the delegations and are determined to wrench from the parties the long sought writ of excommunication against Mao Tse-tung. It seems a reckless act, and having embarked on it, the Soviet leaders have little more to lose by also demanding from the conference an endorsement of the Brezhnev Doctrine ?and gaining expiation for their invasion of Czechoslovakia...
...docile Czechoslovak delegation led by new Party First Secretary Gustav Husak was unlikely to dispel. Still echoing were the gunshots exchanged by Soviet and Chinese soldiers along the Ussuri River. Then there were the ghosts at the banquet, the men who had refused to come: China's Mao Tse-tung, North Viet Nam's Ho Chi Minh, Yugoslavia's Josip Broz Tito, Cuba's Fidel Castro. They are the most famous figures of contemporary Communism; their stature, by any measure, dwarfs Russia's present leadership...
Despite their exclusion from the agenda, it was plain that China and Czechoslovakia were the real issues at the conference. On both, the Russians had tried to cover their positions in ad vance. Moscow propagandists a month ago performed their own unilateral ex communication of China by pronouncing that Mao's party now had "nothing in common with international Communism" and was merely the apparatus of a "military clique" ruling China and masquerading as Communists. Since the shooting on the Ussuri River last March, the Russians have been trying to enlist the sympathy of foreign parties and the world...
...deed. It is also highly emotional. A modern echo of classic Chinese opera, Maoism whines in shrill hyperbole. Rigidly doctrinaire, Chinese Communism retains the traditional belief that a clash with capitalism is inevitable; it calls for wars of national liberation throughout Africa, Asia and Latin America. Mao, who immodestly considers himself a Communist innovator on a par with Marx and Lenin, sees the development of world revolution as a repetition of the strategy used by the Chinese Communists to achieve power in 1949. At that time, mass peasant armies surrounded the cities where the government held power, and finally seized...
...Mao did succeed in destroying the bureaucratic system, but it is an open question whether he can now create an alternative system through which he can govern China and promote its industrialization. At present, he must rely largely on the army to help him run the country. Outside China, Maoism commands the allegiance of only one ruling party, in Albania, and a handful of insignificant parties (including those in New Zealand, Burma, Thailand). But Maoist factions and splinter parties exist in many countries, and Mao has become a hero to the New Left...