Word: mao
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Political observers see the introduction of standardized testing as the latest move in China's campaign to modernize rapidly through building up a technocratic, managerial elite, ending Mao's long-term efforts to eradicate all hierarchy and status inequalities even at the cost of slower growth and inefficiency. Experts also note the testing may be evidence of growing strength within the Chinese hierarchy by the backers of Teng-hsiao Ping, who was intrigued by the massive test-administering bureaucracy he saw when he visited the U.S. Hua Kuo-feng is a known foe of SATS, and the establishment...
...China laid siege to the diplomatic quarter in Peking. The Boxers held the quarter for eight weeks, until an international expedition of 19,000 troops captured the city and freed the thousands held hostage. That hostility to foreigners was echoed during the Cultural Revolution in 1967, when Chairman Mao Tse-tung's Red Guards burned the British mission, beat up British and Indian diplomats and attacked the fleeing families of Soviet diplomats as they boarded their plane. Mao tacitly approved the assaults. Indonesian officials also applauded the mobs that ransacked the British embassy in Djakarta...
...when it went on sale at 17? a copy the authorities evidently felt that they could not risk having it circulate throughout China. Wei, who had conducted his own defense at his trial, charged that China had scarcely changed since the ouster of the Gang of Four, led by Mao's widow Jiang Qing (Chiang Ch'ing). A former Red Guard who has become an impassioned proponent of democracy, Wei ridiculed the accusation of counterrevolutionary activity leveled against him and other dissidents: "It is revolutionary to act in accordance with the will of the people in power...
...outside government offices in the capital. A poster signed by Qiu Shui, a writer for the radical underground journal Tansuo (Exploration), appeared on Peking's "Democracy Wall," denouncing Hua for "interference" with China's judicial procedures. The poster attacked Hua's statement that Mao Tse-tung's widow Jiang Qing (Chiang Ch'ing) and the other members of the Gang of Four would not be sentenced to death when they go on trial, possibly next year. Wrote Qiu: "The sentencing of the Gang of Four should be based on the court's decision alone...
There are limits to liberalization in post-Mao China. In a pair of public show trials, portions of which were broadcast on China's scanty television network, two of the country's most prominent dissidents were served up as examples for Chinese citizens who take constitutional guarantees of free speech too literally. First to enter the dock was former Red Guard Wei Jingsheng, 29, who last year tacked up a famous wall poster calling for "the fifth modernization - democracy." As editor of Tansuo, he published an article detailing the harsh treatment of political detainees at Qincheng prison, outside...