Word: mapp
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Kamisar points out, the Supreme Court changed all that in 1961 after Cleveland police broke into the home of a woman named Dollree Mapp on a tip that it contained a bombing suspect and "a large amount of policy paraphernalia." Finding neither, the cops put her in handcuffs and searched on until they found "obscene materials," for possession of which she was arrested and convicted...
...sustaining her appeal (Mapp v. Ohio), the Supreme Court ordered every state to obey the exclusionary rule. At the same time, says Kamisar, Minneapolis police were quick to blame the decision for a 10% upsurge in local burglaries. Only after the argument dwindled, and the cops got back to work, did a police department spokesman remember and put into words the real reason for the crime wave. "The burglars had a lot better weather this year-no snow...
...Mapp v. Ohio (1961), which overruled a 1949 decision that unconstitutionally seized evidence (by search without a warrant, for example) is sometimes admissible in a state criminal trial. Though police decry Mapp, the court's basic principles in 1961 were much the same as in 1949: "Changing social conditions had created problems and abuses which amounted to constitutional violation...
Conventioneers in Phoenix hit especially hard at the Supreme Court's 1961 decision in Mapp v. Ohio, a case involving seizure of obscene materials without a warrant. The court held that evidence obtained through "unreasonable searches and seizures" should be barred from criminal prosecutions in state courts, just as the Fourth Amendment bars such evidence from federal courts. "The effect," said Maryland D.A. William J. O'Donnell, "is almost making the streets safe for criminals...