Word: marasmus
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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Following Pellett's presentation, Fawzi elaborated on the mission's findings. She noted widespread cases of marasmus (severe malnutrition) and kwashiorkor (edema and swelling of the body) throughout the country...
According to the FAO report, conservative estimates place the death toll among children under five at 567,000, with a three-fold increase in infant mortality, and a four-fold increase in cases of marasmus since the end of the war, Fawzi said...
...starches stored in the liver and muscles. It then begins raiding fat deposits for triglycerides, compounds that can be broken down into fatty acids that the body can use for fuel. After days or weeks, depending on how meager the rations, these raids result in a condition known as marasmus. Without fat to support it, the skin begins to lose elasticity and sag. Loss of fat around the eyes gives them a sunken look, and the face starts to wrinkle in what starvation experts call the old-man syndrome. The other principal form of starvation, kwashiorkor, is largely a protein...
Even sheets and diapers are lacking, so the famished babies lie naked on plastic mattresses. Each day the hospital admits another 10 cases of marasmus -- an advanced state of malnutrition that causes the child's face and body to become as shriveled and haggard as those of a wizened old man. Other children have grotesquely swollen bellies -- a symptom of the starvation syndrome known as kwashiorkor. Before the war, says the hospital's director, there was barely one such case a year...