Word: marchenko
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...American Publishers on the occasion of the last Moscow International Book Fair had been a literary highlight. It was 1979, and present at the plush Aragvi Restaurant in the Soviet capital was a pleiad of Russian writers and intellectuals, including Andrei Sakharov, the famed nuclear physicist, Dissident Author Anatoli Marchenko, Novelists Vasili Aksyonov and Vladimir Voinovich, and Critics Lev Kopelev and Raisa Orlova. But when the U.S. publishers got ready to give another such gala at the Moscow book fair this month, they knew the party would have to be smaller...
Since the last outing, the KGB has seized Sakharov and dispatched him to the city of Gorky, where he has been held incommunicado for the past 20 months. Marchenko has just been sentenced to ten years of hard labor and five of exile for "anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda." Aksyonov, Voinovich, Kopelev, Orlova and several others have been forced to live abroad. Even the erstwhile hosts have been made unwelcome. Four prominent American publishers were refused visas to the Soviet Union, and Random House Chairman Robert L. Bernstein was the target of an anti-Semitic attack in Literaturnaya Gazeta...
...were not a uniform group; their styles and methods, background and temperament all differed. Some collected signatures, others wrote samizdat or self-published pamphlets. For some, politics became a full time job, for others dissent began only after professional work ended. Some never went public while others like Anatoly Marchenko kept his mittens, socks and toothbrush near his door in case he was sent to prison...
Much of the Chronicle's raw information reaches Chalidze's Manhattan apartment in envelopes without return addresses mailed from the U.S.S.R. Fast-breaking news sometimes gets through by long-distance telephone. Last week Litvinov succeeded in reaching Anatoly Marchenko's wife Larissa on the phone after Soviet operators had earlier cut them off in mid-conversation. "Larissa told me that Tolya [short for Anatoly] was brought before the judge in heavy handcuffs," Litvinov reports. "He looked weak and sick, almost fainted twice during the sentencing. He has been on a hunger strike for 35 days, and will...
...highly reliable, the Chronicle recently printed a list of all the items lifted by the KGB in a search of Physicist Andrei Tverdokhlebov's Moscow apartment (including a copy of Alexander Solzhenitsyn's The Gulag Archipelago and three issues of the Chronicle). In addition to news of Marchenko's fate, the Chronicle has a chilling, 70-page report written in Solzhenitsynian detail on the conditions endured by Russia's current political prisoners. Says Chalidze: "We don't use something unless we're absolutely sure it is real...