Word: markets
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...budget of the incoming government. The Congress Party, reelected to power after holding office for the past five years, had won a large enough majority of parliamentary seats to create a governing coalition free of leftists—like members of the Communist Party—who had slowed market reforms in the past. The new government, more moderate and centrist in composition than in its past term, won such a large majority, in fact, that officials promised very bold action to continue India’s economic rise...
...country’s rapid economic growth in the past decade has been fueled by a transition to the open market, and for the country to continue at this pace, it needs more open market reforms. The economy is still hampered by strict government regulation and distorted by enormous government spending, and though regulation and spending are understandable reactions to the global economic crisis of the last year, Indians were rightly expecting the continuation of the reform agenda in this year’s budget...
...When July 6 arrived, every station carried the budget address, delivered by finance minister Pranab Mukherjee. And the nation was in for quite a surprise. While Mukherjee did announce significant fiscal stimulus plans, expanding rural employment, and development programs, he did not mention any specific open-market reforms, such as raising foreign investment levels, divestment of public enterprise, or deficit reduction. After Mukherjee had signaled to the entire nation that he would follow through on these reforms, the speech was a major disappointment...
...government could have painlessly enabled this development of the free market through selling state-owned businesses, loosening regulations on foreign direct investment, and creating a plan to reduce the deficit. India achieved 6.7 percent growth this past fiscal year only on the back of intensive government spending by the previous Congress-led coalition. Public-sector spending provides a short-term stimulus, but a more open economy is necessary for sustainable growth...
...pull that blackened molar for $3; Hokkien merchants whose families came from Singapore in the 1870s as traders, glued to the John Woo DVD playing onboard; and longhouse dwellers. Some of the latter are older, with distended earlobes and inked skin, but most are young couples returning from market hubs like Kapit, where Charles Brooke, the second White Rajah of Sarawak, built a fort (still standing) in 1880 to prevent headhunting Iban from paddling upriver to attack their Kayan, Kenyah and Punan neighbors...