Word: marrows
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...father, a famous Austrian writer and intellectual whose once lofty reputation inexorably declines, mirroring the growing dangers to all Jews in the country. A series of articles in a provincial paper attack his novels, calling his characters "parasites living off the healthy Austrian tradition, not their own marrow." Bruno remembers: "We couldn't even argue that the articles were written by an anti-Semite. The critic, as his name showed, was a Jew." The maligned author grows ever more frantic and tries to become more Austrian than his growing band of tormentors: "Jewish entrepreneurs should be wiped...
Panoramics, x-rays which photograph the entire mouth, expose the salivary glands and the active bone marrow in the jaw to large doses of radiation. The salivary glands and jaw are not exposed to such extensive radiation by any other type...
Just this past spring, scientists at U.C.L.A. announced that they had inserted foreign genes into the bone-marrow cells of mice, the first attempt at using new genetic-engineering techniques with living animals. But experiments on humans, experts said, were still years away. Not so. Last week it was disclosed that the great divide between research in mouse and in man had been quietly crossed...
...July, U.C.L.A. Hematologist Martin Cline and colleagues at Jerusalem's Hadassah Hospital on Mount Scopus and at a clinic of the University of Naples performed gene transfers on two female patients. Both had severe thalassemia, an inherited blood disorder in which the bone marrow produces red cells with defective hemoglobin (the molecule that carries oxygen to body tissues). Victims need frequent blood transfusions, but this leads to a buildup of iron in the body, particularly the heart, that can eventually cause death...
Cline and his collaborators treated their patients by removing a small amount of bone marrow and mixing it with genes capable of directing production of normal hemoglobin. The genes had been manufactured by bacteria altered by recombinant-DNA techniques. The marrow cells, now bearing the new genes, were then injected back into the patients. There is as yet no sign that their reconstituted marrow cells are producing healthy hemoglobin. But the story of the experiment, which was broken by the Los Angeles Times, has raised questions about whether the effort was premature. U.S. regulations require investigators to get approval...