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...unit that science uses to measure radiation exposure is the rem. It expresses a fixed amount of absorbed energy, corrected for the biological effects of different kinds of radiation. Radiation's vital targets: gonads and bone marrow. From natural sources, the average man is exposed to about one-tenth rem annually. In developed countries, he may also get almost as much extra each year from medical and dental X rays...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: Too Much Radiation? | 8/25/1958 | See Source »

...scientists pinpointed the added significance of nuclear fallout. They found least long-range danger from that which swirls through the troposphere (the part of the atmosphere that goes seven to eleven miles up) for several months before falling. At most, its short-lived isotopes raise annual external marrow and gonad dosage by .0005 rem. But the higher stratosphere (beyond eleven miles) is a reservoir of long-lived isotopes that fall for many years. Chief dangers...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Science: Too Much Radiation? | 8/25/1958 | See Source »

...Dean of the Anatomical School of Literature--the Neo-Sophistry which views poetry and prose as a connected skeleton. The curriculum is not particularly concerned with what the skeleton has to say, what it thinks about, or, indeed, if it's starving to death. It's bone-structure, Marrow, and stomach-muscle, the physiology of literature...

Author: By John D. Leonard, | Title: The Cambridge Scene | 7/17/1958 | See Source »

...Forced to transplant a kidney from a child with no genetic relation to Mrs. Lowman, physicians had the problem of countering antibodies that would have rejected the alien organ. For the first time, they tried to solve it by destroying the antibodies' source, the patient's bone marrow, with X rays. Though new bone marrow was injected, it failed to generate enough white corpuscles to prevent the spread of infection. But physicians consider the attempt highly valuable toward perfection of future kidney transplants...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Medicine: Capsules, may 19, 1958 | 5/19/1958 | See Source »

Taking Over. For three hours under an X-ray machine. Mrs. Lowman was subjected to massive radiation that killed all her bone marrow. Her white blood corpuscle count fell from the normal 5,000 per cubic centimeter to zero. Then a kidney from a four-year-old girl (whose treatment for hydrocephalus required kidney removal) was transplanted to Mrs. Lowman. The Boston surgeons attached it to the femoral arteries and veins below the groin in her right thigh. She received a dozen marrow transfusions before and during the operation, mainly from her brothers. With her count of disease-fighting white...

Author: /time Magazine | Title: Medicine: Rescue by Radiation | 4/28/1958 | See Source »

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