Word: martially
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Workers, intellectuals and clergy denounce the excesses of martial...
...Poles who jammed into St. John's Cathedral in downtown Warsaw last week had come to celebrate the feast of the Epiphany. What they witnessed, along with the Mass, was one of the most courageous displays of free speech since martial law was declared on Dec. 13. Archbishop Jozef Glemp, the spiritual leader of Poland's 33 million Roman Catholics, mounted the carved oak pulpit to attack the excesses of General Wojciech Jaruzelski's military regime...
Glemp's sermon was one more dramatic indication that Jaruzelski was failing in his bid to impose national unity by force after four weeks of martial law. If his troops had managed to crush the last of the major strikes and restore outward order, the regime had won neither loyalty nor respect from the Polish people. A stubborn spirit of resistance still lived in the land (see box, following page...
...week's end a number of prominent Polish intellectuals and cultural figures came forward to denounce the crackdown in an open letter to Jaruzelski. "The introduction of martial law," they declared, "was aimed at depriving society of its voice and subjugating the nation to military dictatorship. History proves, however, that the Polish nation will not submit to such a fate." Originally signed by eight people, including Violinist Wanda Wilkomirska, Writer Marian Brandys and Historian Stefan Kieniewicz, the document was being circulated in Warsaw to gain additional support...
Nothing recalled the Stalinist tactics more vividly than the summary trials of Solidarity members accused of organizing strikes and resistance to martial law. In Katowice, for example, five union members received jail sentences ranging from three to 6½ years. In Tarnow, three workers drew three-to 3½-year terms. Three employees of the F.S.O. automobile plant in Warsaw got two years each. In the same Warsaw court building, meanwhile, proceedings began in the highly publicized trial of Maciej Szczepanski, the former head of the state broadcasting networks, who is accused of embezzlement and bribetaking...