Word: martials
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Choi himself, who was formally inaugurated as President last week, the day after the Kim verdict, had far more on his mind than retribution for Park's slaying. For one thing, Seoul was still swirling with apprehensions in the wake of the stunning, couplike arrest of the former martial law commander, General Chung Seung Hwa, and a dozen other senior officers by a group of aggressive younger generals. For another, U.S. diplomats and military leaders in the capital who had previously stood aloof were now actively urging that the South Korean military keep clear of politics, and that Choi...
...opening of an ominous power struggle among top generals that could further jeopardize the country's uncertain political future. A terse announcement over government radio stated that Army Chief of Staff General Chung Seung Hwa, 53-effectively the country's senior officer in his capacity as martial law commander-had been arrested "in connection with the plot" against Park. Ten other generals were also arrested; they were reported to include the Third Army commander and the Provost Marshal...
...privileges they had previously enjoyed. Consequently, one section of the Shi'ite clergy responded by branding all temporal power as necessarily a form of usurpation." But the Shah insists that he dealt relatively mildly with his opponents: "I am told today that I should have applied martial law more forcefully. This would have cost my country less dear than the bloody anarchy now established there. But a sovereign cannot save his throne by spilling the blood of his fellow countrymen...
...election was carried out under Park's less than democratic 1972 constitution, which, among other things, effectively made Park President in perpetuity. Thus critics regarded the vote as just more rigged politics. In Seoul hundreds of youthful dissidents had defied a martial-law ban on demonstrations and staged a noisy protest calling on students to mobilize "a last crucial battle for democratization." Police swiftly dispersed the protesters; more than 100 were arrested...
...opposition figures, among them New Democratic Party Leader Kim Young Sam, believe that the constitutional changes could be completed in only three months and a general election held by next fall. Other nettlesome questions concerned the role of the army: how soon it might be willing to lift martial law, for instance, and how much free rein it might be willing to give civilian politicians. But for the moment even opposition leaders are praising the restrained post-assassination behavior of the military, whose senior officers genuinely seem to want to establish solid civilian rule. Says Kim Young Sam: "The army...