Word: martinson
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...have not heard an intellectually respectable defense of criminal rehabilitation James Q. Wilson says flatly. According to Criminologist Hans Mattick, "The prisons have become largely drama schools which force people to act as if they were rehabilitated along stereotyped conventions." Concludes Columbia Sociologist Robert Martinson after studying hundreds of programs for 20 years: "The prison which makes every effort at rehabilitation succeeds no better than the prison which leaves its inmates to rot." Succeeds, that is, in reducing the huge number of repeat offenders (70% of inmates). Improved behavior inside the walls turns out to be no indication of behavior...
Sandler and others point to the Martinson report, released last fall in New York by the governor's special committee on criminal offenders, that said no rehabilitation program within the prisons has reduced recidivism rates or increased inmates' educational or post prison income levels...
...difficult to determine how much if any improvement has occurred within the prisons system in the last two decades. Department of Corrections statistics show that work by therapists and non-disciplinary work by guards reduces recidivism rates; the Martinson report offers contradictory evidence. Gaughan points out that younger guards show more of a desire to help the inmates and calls them a new breed, but their enthusiasm may wane after years of work as corrections officers. Inmates do not always get along well with the few social workers and therapists, but on the whole they relate better to them than...
...award, the Nobel Prize, has gone to eccentric choices often enough to stir grumblings about favoritism, political influence, and dismay at a tendency to seek geographical distribution instead of international renown. This year the selection was a case of sweets to the Swedes. The 1974 winners: Swedish Poet Harry Martinson, 70, and Swedish Novelist Eyvind Johnson, 74. Martinson's best-known work, Aniara, published in English in 1956, is a narrative poem about a space voyage. Johnson's chef-d'oeuvre, a semi-autobiographical series called The Novel About Olaf, published in the mid-30s, was never...