Word: martyrdoms
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Specifically, Eliot shows the struggle of Archbishop Thomas a Becket to achieve the purification necessary for martyrdom, and the effect of his death on the people of Canterbury. But Thomas' martyrdom is to have universal meaning. For this reason, Becket and every person in the play, seem intentionally pale and undefined. Eliot champions a stylized drama in which the playwright, not the actor or director, is responsible for every nuance and subtlety of meaning. Particularly in "Murder in the Cathedral," there is little room for individual interpretation. A slight tendency to overact can damage the effect produced by the play...
...well along the road to sainthood-among them, 186 priests and monks killed in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). The announcement ended speculation on whether all 7,227 churchmen killed in the civil war would be canonized at once. Explained Ecclesia: "In the eyes of the church, martyrdom is obtained only when a life is given in defense of faith or Christian virtue." ¶ In Nashville, a group of leading executives organized a movement called "Businessmen for Religious Action." With the slogan "Worship God More in '54," they set about plans for selling religion like a new product...
...behind the Iron Curtain, the Pope's policy has been "pastoral," i.e., he has tried to get along with the Communist regimes as long as they allow the Church to perform even a minimum of its functions, in order to spare the faithful persecutions and the prospect of martyrdom. There is also a "muscular"' faction in the Church-among its spokesmen are Cardinals Ottaviani, Canali and New York's Spellman-which believes that the Red regimes are slowly strangling Catholicism in Eastern Europe, and that it might be better to take a tough line, even if this...
...Peter's transfer to Rome, though he concedes that the evidence is indirect. Going further. Cullmann endorses the traditional version of Peter's death. The early evidence for this, also, is no more than "hints," for Christian writers did not begin mentioning Peter's Roman martyrdom until the second and third centuries. But the hints are important ones, e.g., in all the church controversies of the early centuries, no one saw fit to deny Peter's Roman martyrdom. As Cullmann observes: "Were we to demand for all facts of ancient history a greater degree of probability...
Residence and martyrdom in Rome, Cullmann argues, hardly warrant the Catholic claim that Peter transferred the leadership of the church to that city. To begin with, "Peter was the leader of the entire church only at Jerusalem." When Peter left Jerusalem, he turned over leadership of the church to James, the brother of Jesus,* and himself became merely the subordinate head of the "Jewish Christian mission." It was his job to preach the Gospel to Jews outside the Holy City, just as it was Paul's parallel mission to preach to the Gentiles...